Investigation on treatment ventilator-associated pneumonia at the Dong Nai General Hospital

Abstract

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a common nosocomial infection and the leading cause of mortality among nosocomial infections. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on the medical records of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in the ICU of Dong Nai General Hospital from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, to investigate the microbiological characteristics, analyze antibiotic usage, evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions, and identify factors related to treatment effectiveness. The primary bacteria isolated were A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa. In the initial empirical antibiotic regimen, the three most prescribed antibiotic groups were fluoroquinolones (57.4%), carbapenems (54.3%), and piperacillin-tazobactam (45.7%), with combination therapy of two antibiotics being the most common (83.0%). In the regimen following microbiological results, carbapenems (59.2%), colistin (56.1%), and vancomycin (20.4%) were the most prescribed. The rate of compliance with the initial empirical regimen according to the IDSA  2016 guidelines was 77.7%, while compliance with antibiogram results was 46.8%. Age and reintubation increased the risk of treatment failure. The study results emphasize the importance of providing microbiological data and closely monitoring elderly patients and those who undergo reintubation to reduce the risk of treatment failure.