Design and implementation of an IoT-based smart agriculture system
Keywords:
Internet vạn vật (IoT); Nông nghiệp thông minh; Tự động hóa nông nghiệp.Abstract
This study presents the design and implementation of a smart agriculture system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology to automate the monitoring and control of nutrient supply and cultivation environmental conditions.
The system integrates sensors for measuring NPK, soil moisture, and pH to collect real-time data. The sensor data are digitized internally by the sensor and transmitted to the programmable logic controller (PLC) via RS485/Modbus RTU for processing. The system consists of five separate tanks containing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), pH-adjusting solution, and irrigation water. When the NPK concentration, soil moisture, or pH value deviates from the preset thresholds, the corresponding pumps are automatically activated to supply nutrients, regulate pH, and provide irrigation. In addition, the system is equipped with LED grow lights providing red light (660 nm) and blue light (450 nm) to support photosynthesis. The operating parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to the crop type and growth stage.
The system performance was experimentally evaluated using a mustard green (Brassica juncea) cultivation model based on data acquisition and processing capabilities, environmental stability, and the response of the agricultural automation system
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